ACH Origination & Receipt — impact tolerance ≤ 1 business day — ITOL

Impact tolerance: ≤ 1 business day — measured against the next available NACHA settlement window. Any missed same-day ACH deadline is a breach. (illustrative default — trace the derivation, then replace with your own harm analysis)

Definition: Originate and receive ACH credits and debits for payroll, bill pay, business-to-business, and consumer payments through the FedACH and EPN networks.

Why it is designated: NACHA rules and the Fed's operating circulars define fixed submission windows for same-day and next-day settlement. Missing a window causes downstream payroll and biller failures, customer NSF (non-sufficient funds) cascades, and NACHA rule-violation exposure.